| Plastic Identification Code | Type of plastic polymer | Properties | Common Packaging Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
![]() | Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET, PETE) | Clarity, strength, toughness, barrier to gas and moisture. | Soft drink, water and salad dressing bottles; peanut butter and jam jars
|
![]() | High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) | Stiffness, strength, toughness, resistance to moisture, permeability to gas. | Milk, juice and water bottles; yogurt and margarine tubs; trash and retail bags.
|
![]() | Polyvinyl Chloride (V) | Versatility, clarity, ease of blending, strength, toughness. | Juice bottles; cling films
|
![]() | Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) | Ease of processing, strength, toughness, flexibility, ease of sealing, barrier to moisture. | Frozen food bags; squeezable bottles, e.g. honey, mustard; cling films; flexible container lids.
|
![]() | Polypropylene (PP) | Strength, toughness, resistance to heat, chemicals, grease and oil, versatile, barrier to moisture. | Reusable microwaveable ware; kitchenware; yogurt containers; margarine tubs; microwaveable disposable take-away containers; disposable cups and plates.
|
![]() | Polystyrene (PS) | Versatility, clarity, easily formed | Egg cartons; disposable cups, plates, trays and cutlery; disposable take-away containers; yoghurt and margarine containers ![]() |
![]() | Other | Dependent on polymers or combination or polymers. | Beverage bottles; baby milk bottles.
|
Chemicals that are used in the manufacture of plastic packaging or containers can migrate into foods during use. The quantities of migrating chemicals will depend largely on the nature of food, the contact temperature and the contact time. However, proper usage of the plastics will have insignificant or very low levels of chemical migration, which does not pose any health risk to consumers even after long-term use.
Both the US and the European Union (EU) have very complex regulations covering the authorized chemicals including monomers that can be used in the manufacture of plastic packaging and containers. When necessary, these regulations also establish restrictions such as migration limits, on the use of these chemicals. The principles behind the regulatory rules of other countries are similar to those of the EU and US in that the plastic packaging material shall be in compliance with their national safety regulations or guidelines. To safeguard our consumers' health, the Singapore Food Regulations also stipulate that all food packaging imported for use in Singapore do not migrate any harmful substances to the food coming in contact with the packaging.
Plastics and conventional oven
Plastics and microwave oven
Plastic cling films
Freezing, defrosting and cooking fresh produce in commercial plastic packaging
Reusing plastic packaging and containers
Safe use of polycarbonate baby bottles to reduce your baby's exposure to bisphenol-A